Please read Dr. Reichman’s article in the Annals of Epidemiology titled, “Racial-ethnic inequality in cardiovascular health in the United States: Does it mirror socioeconomic inequality?“.
Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the leading cause of death in the United States and substantial racial-ethnic disparities in CV conditions and risk factors have been documented at most stages of the life course. For example, non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic children have much higher prevalence of obesity than non-Hispanic White children, and non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic adults have higher prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and stroke compared to non-Hispanic White adults. Income disparities in CV risk factors and conditions have also been documented; for example, the prevalence of diabetes and ever having had a stroke were 1.9 and three times as high, respectively, for adults with family income below the federal poverty line than for those with family income 400% of the poverty line or more in 2016–2017. To read the full article.
Racial-ethnic inequality in cardiovascular health in the United States: Does it mirror socioeconomic inequality? Teitler J, Wood BM, Zeng W, Martinson ML, Plaza R, Reichman NE. Ann Epidemiol. 2021 Oct;62:84-91. PMID: 33991659 DOI: 1016/j.annepidem.2021.04.019 Epub 2021 May 13.